Sculpting a steady state

Last year was a bright year for Singapore's private residential market. Indeed, it was a year of records, particularly for developer sales activity and prices of suburban private homes. However, with the announcement of the latest Government cooling measures effective on Jan 14, such exceptional performance will cease to be relevant for extrapolating future private residential market performance.

In the latest Government cooling measures, sellers' stamp duty was hiked and the loan-to-value ratio for second and subsequent homes was reduced, reflecting its persistence to minimise speculation and investment in private homes.



CONVENTIONAL PERCEPTIONS

The common belief is that the first hit by these measures will be speculators - the main culprits behind the price escalations, particularly those of suburban condominiums.

Indeed, with the revision in sellers' stamp duty, buyers are less likely to have the intention to re-sell and profit in the short run, unless property prices can grow well in excess of 16 per cent over a year or 12 per cent in two years, considering other costs and financing.

Speculators aside, investments are discouraged, particularly with the lowering of the loan-to-value ratio for subsequent homes.

Genuine buyers and high-end residential property buyers may be less impacted but with the demand pool shrinking, it is widely anticipated that property prices will fall.

Notwithstanding the pessimism, there is hope for the private residential market, underpinned by a sustained economic recovery and lit by ample liquidity.

While the tough measures can dampen sentiment, this may be viewed as moderating home buying interest until the sentiment eventually reaches a steady state - as buyers remain cautious while adjusting to the new environment.

Also, a reduction in home sales this year may not necessarily mean a significant price correction - for it leads to a more sustainable base in home buying that is not fuelled by speculation and excessive financing.

Some speculation is necessary to drive market momentum but excessive flipping that leads to asset bubbles can cripple home prices.

The new round of measures is harsh to many, for it eliminates speculators and, most importantly, it deters investors.

It must be recognised that investments in private residential properties are not detrimental for the market. But in times of overwhelming housing demand, the priority of genuine owner occupiers should prevail, to assist every aspiring eligible buyer to have an opportunity in private home ownership.

Additionally, many investors and speculators would have already profited from previous housing booms and may be seen to have a weaker case to compete with the rest, such as younger entrants, who have yet to enjoy the benefits of a private residential property.




SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECY

The common question asked about the impact of the cooling measures is: How much are prices expected to fall in the year?

While there are various well-supported forecasts, it should be appreciated that price falls are often sticky in economic viable times.

Price falls can be a result of a self-fulfilling prophecy as well - where prices can indeed correct as home buyers persistently believe in an imminent decline and refuse to enter the market. In such a context, buyers have also been consistently advised prices may suffer drastic falls.

If a short-term price correction is almost a certainty given the severity of the cooling measures, the more crucial question would be how long this may last - and thereafter, what are the chances of a revival? If the economic recovery can be sustained this year, with ample liquidity, a 5- to 7 per-cent-price-correction for suburban condominiums in H1 '11 can be potentially stabilised or gradually revived in H1 '11, bringing prices at the end of this year to be comparable or slightly lower than the beginning of the year.

Moreover, experience has shown that when assets are attractively repriced, it can potentially encourage sidelined buyers to enter the market if overall economic fundamentals are in place.

Although the current cooling measures may be very restrictive, a potential buyer may still purchase after much deliberation if prices ultimately become affordable. Suitable property repricing can release latent demand from prospective owner occupiers, providing support to overall demand base.

And if prices see continual correction throughout the year, there would be significant opportunities for a turnaround after the year as the new demand base may emerge stronger, if economic fundamentals stay firm.


STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN BUYING PREFERENCES?

It is a challenge to cater to competing concerns of all stakeholders and further so to achieve market equilibrium.

To achieve the steady state, fine-tuning policies may even be necessary, such as the withdrawing or mitigating of some of the cooling measures along the way.

But before the equilibrium is reached, the pain from the calibration process can be relieved with nimble adjustments from market participants.

For one, developers are likely to hold phased launches of selected projects in H1 '11 to test overall home buying interest, pricing and observe structural changes in buying preferences.

A structural change can develop as forthcoming home buyers would likely be mainly owner-occupiers instead of investors and speculators.

A different product mix may have implications for a project's breakeven cost and land tender prices.

The recent home buying euphoria had created unnecessary anxiety among many potential buyers.

Prior to the cooling measures, there were many who bought with a view that not buying a property will mean losing the opportunity ahead. While they are not speculators, they may have created undue stress for themselves and everyone - aggravated by some who stretched affordability even if they are genuine buyers.

The material justification for a genuine home buyer should be his confidence in financing his home and not simply his intention to own a piece of property for occupation.

The slowdown in home buying can provide many stakeholders time to compare aspirations with the reality, where home buying is after all a major decision involving huge capital.

If the calibration is successful, it may ultimately sculpt an environment where genuine homebuyers are completely confident in the buying decision, including considering financial contingencies.


by Ong Kah Seng

05:55 AM Jan 28, 2011

Ong Kah Seng is senior manager, Research - Asia Pacific at Cushman & Wakefield.





Source: www.todayonline.com